فصلنامه پرستاری، مامایی و پیراپزشکی
سال ششم شماره 2 (پاییز 1399)

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)  causes vision impairment and complete blindness in premature infants in some cases. The present study aimed to assess ROP frequency and its related factors in premature infants in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Saghez.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 159 hospitalized neonates of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Saghez with gestational age≤35 weeks and birth weight≤2400 grams receiving oxygen therapy. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, medical files of patients and the information in the IMAN system of the ministry of health. .

The present study was performed on 55 female and 104 male neonates with mean birth weight (2266±67 gr) and gestational age (33.38±4.15 weeks). In total, five infants (3.1%) had ROP. According to the independent t-test results, the birth weight (2000±141 gr) and gestational age (31.2±1.3 weeks) were significantly lower in the ROP infants, compared to healthy neonates (2274±685 gr) and (33.45±4.2 weeks) (P=0.007; P=0.034). 

According to the results of the study, 3.1% of the hospitalized neonate of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Saghez had ROP. Given the fact that ROP can be prevented and treated, it is suggested that protocols be defined to properly treat premature neonates and prevent ROP complications in infants promptly.

Families with disabled children require educational services, as well as psychological and financial support and counseling due to the low threshold for tolerance and inadequacy in adaptation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of positive thinking group education on tolerance and social adjustment in mothers of educable children with mental retardation.

This quasi-experiment had a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The research population included all mothers of children with mental retardation, who referred to schools for children with special needs in Khoramabad, Iran in the academic year 2018-2019. In total, 30 mothers were selected by convenience sampling, who were then divided into two groups of test (n=15) and control (n=15) using simple random sampling. Data were collected using Simmons and Gaherchr('39')s The Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and California social adjustment Questionnaire. The participants in the test group attended 10 75-min positive thinking group sessions. In the end, data analysis was performed using a multivariate analysis of covariance.

In this study, a significant difference was observed between the groups after the intervention, which demonstrated the effectiveness of positive thinking training on an increased threshold for tolerance and social adjustment in the test group (P<0.05).

According to the results of the study, positive thinking education was recognized as an effective method to increase tolerance and social adjustment in mothers of children with mental retardation.

Organizational culture, as the source of organizational processes, influences management practices and attitudes of members of the organization towards their jobs. Thus, feeling about job satisfaction or dissatisfaction cannot be separate from organizational culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational culture components and job satisfaction among the employees in Esfarayen faculty of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2017 on 367 people by simple random method. The instrument for measuring organizational culture was denilson questionnaire and job satisfaction was Minnesota questionnaire. The Research hypotheses were analyzed using SPSS 24 software, Pearson correlation test and multiple regression.

The results of this study show a significant correlation between organizational culture and job satisfaction among the employee of Esfarayen Faculty of Medical sciences (p<0.001). Among the four dimensions of organizational culture (adaptability, mission, participation in the organization, adaptability), the dimensions of mission (p=0.03) and participation (p=0.01) in the organization have a significant explanation of the employeechr('39')s job satisfaction.

The findings showed that employeechr('39')s perceptions and professional attitudes are related to various organizational factors. if the organizational culture is in line with improving employee job satisfaction, people with more motivation and enthusiasm will perform job duties. The results of this study emphasize the importance of strengthening the organizational culture subcultures

Nurses are prone to a variety of sleep disorders due to the nature of their job and different work shifts. This study aimed to evaluate the general health and sleep quality of fixed and rotating shift nurses at training hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2018.

This descriptive and analytical study was performed on 250 nurses selected using the convenience method. Data were collected using the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA.

In this study, the mean age of participants was 31.94±5.17. Overall, 140 participants (56%) had a favorable general health status. In addition, 227 nurses (90.8%) had unfavorable sleep quality while only 23 participants (9.2%) had favorable sleep quality. The results were indicative of a significant relationship between nurses’ sleep quality and their general health level (P<0.007). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between sleep quality and the variables of age (P<0.001), work experience (P<0.002), work shifts (P<0.0001), and type of employment (P=0.012). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between the general health of the participants and the variables of marital status (P<0.0001), work shifts (P<0.0001), and type of employment (P<0.0001).

According to the results of the study, unfavorable sleep quality had a negative effect on the general health of nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that regular programs be designed by hospital officials to monitor nurseschr('39') sleep quality.

Metabolic syndrome is a biochemical and physiological disorder that can lead to impaired insulin and glucose metabolism, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and modeling of social determinants of metabolic syndrome in Shahrekord, Iran in 2019.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on health files of 287 individuals aged above 30 years, who were selected by regular random sampling. The features of 90 individuals with metabolic syndrome were compared to that of 197 healthy people based on the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using Chi-square, t-test, correlation coefficient, and regression logistics.

In this study, metabolic syndrome was detected in 31% of the population assessed (CI%95: 26-37). The mean age of the subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome was 54.94±12.622 and 13.142±49.86 years, respectively. The results were indicative of a significant relationship between the variables of age, marital status, daily consumption of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, smoking status and physical activity, triglyceride, FBS, HDL, and waist circumference (P<0.05).

According to the results of the study, there was a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the study assessed, which showed the necessity of implementing intervention programs. Some of the risk factors for metabolic syndrome can be prevented. In this regard, recommended prevention is changing people’s lifestyles.

Death anxiety and chronic fatigue are important issues in the life of healthcare staff, including nurses. This study aimed to explain the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between positive and negative emotions with death anxiety and chronic fatigue in nurses.

This study was performed on 300 nurses selected from all nurses working in public hospitals of Yazd, Iran using simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and Positive and Negative Emotion Scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling was carried out in AMOS.

In this study, adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between positive emotions and chronic fatigue. In addition, adaptive and maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation mediated the relationship between negative emotions and chronic fatigue. On the other hand, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between negative emotions and death anxiety.

According to the results of the study, nurses with low levels of positive emotions and high levels of negative emotions used many maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and a few adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, which led to their possible experience of chronic fatigue. Furthermore, nurses with high negative emotions may use maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, resulting in high levels of death anxiety.

Identification of the pattern and causes of death and dealing with its etiological factors is one of the most fundamental principles of planning, management and evaluation, and accountability in the health sector. This study aimed to study and analyze one of the critical phenomena (i.e., death) in Golestan Province.

In this study, we used the secondary analysis method and collected data by the census. The statistical population included all cases of death registered at GDR of the deputy of the health of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Death indicators were calculated using WinPepi version 11.65, and linear diagrams were drawn in Excel 2016. In addition, the relationship between various causes of death was assessed in SPSS version 23 using Chi-square.

In this study, the three leading causes of death were reported to be cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and external factors, respectively. In terms of gender, the death rate was 1.3 higher in men, compared to women. In addition, the highest percentage of death was related to the age range of more than 80 years. Moreover, the highest rate of specific causal damping and proportional damping was for diseases of the cardiovascular system and the lowest was related to mental and behavioral disorders. Furthermore, the highest specific causal and proportional damping rate were related to cardiovascular diseases, whereas the lowest rate was observed in cases with psychological and behavioral disorders.

In 2018, less than a quarter of the deceased was aged≤52 years, which may explain the high average age of the dead in the province. Continuous studies in determining the level of mortality, its effective causes, and awareness of epidemiological changes are necessary for more accurate planning, maintenance, and promotion of health in any society.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transactional analysis (TA) on the improvement of communication skills, conflict resolution, and rejection sensitivity in couples referred to counseling centers in Masjed Soleyman, Iran.

This experimental research had a pretest-posttest design, as well as a control group and a follow-up. The statistical population included all couples referred to counseling centers in 2019. Overall, four counseling centers were selected randomly, from which 20 couples (40 individuals) were randomly selected and divided into three groups of test and control (10 couples per group). The participants in the test groups attended 10 one-hour-and-a-half educational sessions while the subjects in the control group received no education. Data were collected using Queendom communication skills inventory (CSTR), Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), and Marital Conflicts Questionnaire (MCQ). In addition, data analysis was performed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance.

In this study, TA had a positive effect on the variables of communication skills, conflict resolution, and rejection sensitivity in the couples (P<0.05).

According to the results of the study, TA was recognized as an effective method that could improve communication skills, conflict resolution, and rejection sensitivity in couples.

Health literacy and health-promoting behaviors are among the most important determinants of health. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between health literacy and the status of health-promoting behaviors in Shahrekord adults. 

Materials & Methods:

This study was performed on 384 adults who referred to healthcare centers in Shahrekord in 2018 using cluster sampling. Data were collected using functional, communication, and critical health literacy questionnaires and health promotion lifestyle scale. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using descriptive and analytical statistics (e.g., Pearson’s correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA). Notably, a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

In this study, the participants obtained low mean health literacy (functional: 49.19±54.15, communication: 53.45±15.89 and critical: 50.86±17.88) and health-promoting behaviors scores. In the target group, the highest and lowest scores obtained were related to the dimensions of spiritual growth and self-fulfillment (46.50±14.86) and physical activities (24.16±26.49), respectively. The results were indicative of a relationship between functional, communication, and critical health literacy and dimensions of health-promoting behaviors in the participants (P<0.05).

According to the results of the study, more attention must be paid to health literacy and health-promoting behaviors in healthcare plans and policies. Therefore, it is recommended that the increase and improvement of these factors be prioritized in this regard.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CT scan findings of head trauma patients referred to the emergency department of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj from 2016 to 2017.

In this cross-sectional study, data of 622 medical records of head trauma patients who had referred to the emergency department of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj were extracted and evaluated. SPPS 22 software was used for data analysis.

The mean age of the entire men and women were 37.7 ±22 and 40.8±29.6 years, respectively. The overall male to female ratio was 1:3.8. The most common causes of TBI were road traffic accident (56.1%), falls (25.4%), fall to the ground (8.7%), dispute (2.6%), bicycle (1.6%), seizure (1.6%) and others (4.8%). The most common CT scan head injury related findings were: skull fractures (37.3%), epidural hematoma (19.3%), subdural hematoma (46.1%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (21.7%), intraparenchymal hematoma (15.2%), intraventricular hemorrhage (8.7%), brain contusion (55%), and brain edema (13.6%). The most common clinical symptoms were a headache (25.4%) and nausea (10%).

One of the most important causes of brain injuries in the age group of the labor force, especially for men in the age range of 21-30 years in Kurdistan province is road accidents. Patients' age data for head injury as well as the cause of the injury should be considered during preventive planning and care services.